Oligo Modifications—Standard and Custom
We partner every day with you, our customers, to find unique solutions that match your needs and applications. The tabs here show the most commonly requested modifications. Our scientists can also include modifications sythesized by you into our oligos. Please contact our Customer Service representatives at GenomicsServices@eurofins.com for more info.
We offer a wide variety of modifications for both DNA and RNA oligos. While all the modifications listed here are permitted for oligos synthesized at 200 nmol synthesis scale and delivered in tubes, several modifications are available at other synthesis scales as well.
Independent of the intended application, some modifications require further purification before being shipped out to you. Each order editor has a dropdown list of available modifications that you can order. Alternately, you can type in the designator in the sequence to order the same; note that the designators are case sensitive. Additional information on the availabel modifications, the designator used for ordering the same, and the chemical structure can be found by following the hyperlink in the tables listing the modifications in the tabs.
The modifications have been categorized based on their features. Predefined Dye–Quencher combinations are available when you order dual-labeled or MGB probes. Furthermore, dinucleotide DNA base combinations are also listed in the siMAXTM siRNA order editor.
Modifications Available for Custom Oligonucleotides delivered in Tubes
- Fluorescent Dyes
-
| Fluorophore |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Max Abs (nm) |
Max Em (nm) |
Extinction coefficient (M-1cm–1) |
QY†† |
| Alexa Fluor 350 |
[Alexa350] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
346 |
442 |
19,000 |
|
| Alexa Fluor 405 |
[Alexa405] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
401 |
421 |
34,000 |
|
| Alexa Fluor 488 |
[Alexa488] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
496 |
519 |
71,000 |
0.92 |
| Alexa Fluor 532 |
[Alexa532] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
532 |
553 |
81,000 |
0.61 |
| Alexa Fluor 546 |
[Alexa546] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
556 |
573 |
104,000 |
0.79 |
| Alexa Fluor 555 |
[Alexa555] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
555 |
565 |
150,000 |
0.1 |
| Alexa Fluor 568 |
[Alexa568] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
578 |
603 |
91,000 |
0.69 |
| Alexa Fluor 594 |
[Alexa594] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
590 |
617 |
73,000 |
0.66 |
| Alexa Fluor 633 |
[Alexa633] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
632 |
647 |
239,000 |
|
| Alexa Fluor 647 |
[Alexa647] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
650 |
665 |
239,000 |
0.33 |
| Alexa Fluor 660 |
[Alexa660] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
663 |
690 |
132,000 |
0.37 |
| Alexa Fluor 680 |
[Alexa680] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
679 |
702 |
184,000 |
0.36 |
| Alexa Fluor 700 |
[Alexa700] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
702 |
723 |
192,000 |
0.25 |
| Alexa Fluor 750 |
[Alexa750] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
749 |
775 |
240,000 |
0.12 |
| ATTO 390 |
[ATTO390] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
390 |
479 |
24,000 |
|
| ATTO 488 |
[ATTO488] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
501 |
523 |
90,000 |
0.8 |
| ATTO 532 |
[ATTO532] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
532 |
553 |
115,000 |
0.9 |
| ATTO 550 |
[ATTO550] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
554 |
576 |
120,000 |
0.8 |
| ATTO 565 |
[ATTO565] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
563 |
592 |
120,000 |
0.9 |
| ATTO 590 |
[ATTO590] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
594 |
624 |
120,000 |
0.8 |
| ATTO 633 |
[ATTO633] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
629 |
657 |
130,000 |
0.64 |
| ATTO 647N |
[ATTO647N] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
644 |
669 |
150,000 |
0.65 |
| ATTO 655 |
[ATTO655] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
663 |
684 |
125,000 |
0.3 |
| ATTO 700 |
[ATTO700] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
700 |
719 |
120,000 |
0.25 |
| ATTO 740 |
[ATTO740] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
740 |
764 |
120,000 |
0.1 |
| Cyanine3.5 dye |
[Cy35] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
591 |
604 |
116,000 |
0.15 |
| Cyanine5 dye |
[Cy5] |
✓ |
|
|
646 |
662 |
250,000 |
0.3 |
| Cyanine5.5 dye |
[Cy55] |
✓ |
|
|
688 |
707 |
209,000 |
0.3 |
| 5-FAM |
[5FAM] |
✓ |
|
|
492 |
518 |
|
|
| 6-FAM |
[FAM] |
✓ |
|
✓ |
495 |
521 |
75,000 |
0.9 |
| Fluorescein |
[FL] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
495 |
520 |
83,000 |
0.9 |
| Fluorescein dT |
[FLUdT] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
494 |
522 |
75,000 |
0.9 |
| HEX |
[HEX] |
✓ |
|
|
537 |
556 |
96,000 |
0.7 |
| JOE |
[JOE] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
520 |
548 |
73,000 |
0.7 |
| Oregon Green 488 |
[OG488] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
496 |
524 |
76,000 |
|
| ROX |
[ROX] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
575 |
602 |
82,000 |
|
| TAMRA |
[TAM] |
|
|
✓ |
556 |
580 |
89,000 |
0.7 |
| TAMRA dT |
[TAMdT] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
544 |
576 |
90,000 |
|
| 5-Tamra (ester) |
[TMR5] |
✓ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| TET |
[TET] |
✓ |
|
|
519 |
539 |
86,000 |
0.9 |
| Texas Red |
[TxRed] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
583 |
603 |
116,000 |
|
| Tide Fluor 1 |
[TF1] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
341 |
447 |
|
0.95 |
| Tide Fluor 2 |
[TF2] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
499 |
522 |
|
0.9 |
| Tide Fluor 3 |
[TF3] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
554 |
578 |
|
0.86 |
| Tide Fluor 4 |
[TF4] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
588 |
610 |
|
0.7 |
| Tide Fluor 5 |
[TF5] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
656 |
670 |
|
0.27 |
| Tide Fluor 6 |
[TF6] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
686 |
702 |
|
0.23 |
| Tide Fluor 7 |
[TF7] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
756 |
775 |
|
0.12 |
| Tide Fluor 8 |
[TF8] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
787 |
808 |
|
|
| †† QY (quantum yield) is a calculated ratio between the number of photons emitted and the number of photons absorbed. The most desireable QY for DLP purposes approaches 1. |
- Mixed/Degenerate Bases
-
| MIXED BASES |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Composition |
| N (any base) |
[N] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
N = (A, 25%; C, 25%; G, 25%; T, 25%) |
| B (not A) |
[B] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
B = (C, 33.3%; G, 33.3%; T, 33.3%) |
| D (not C) |
[D] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
D = (A-33.3%, G-33.3%, T-33.3%) |
| H (not G bases) |
[H] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
H = (A, 33.3%; C, 33.3%; T, 33.3%) |
| V (not T) |
[V] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
V = (A, 33.3%; C, 33.3%; G, 33.3%) |
| K (G and T) |
[K] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
K = (G, 50%; T, 50%) |
| M (A and C) |
[M] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
M = (A, 50%; C, 50%) |
| R (purines) |
[R] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
R = (A, 50%; G, 50%) |
| S (strong bonds) |
[S] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
S = (C, 50%; G, 50%) |
| W (weak bonds) |
[W] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
W = (A, 50%; T, 50%) |
| Y (pyrimidines) |
[Y] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
Y = (C, 50%; T, 50%) |
- Attachment Mods
-
| Attachment Mods |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Structure |
| Amino Modifier C12 |
[AmC12] |
✓ |
|
|
link |
| Amino Modifier C3 |
[AmC3] |
✓ |
|
✓ |
link |
| Amino Modifier C6 |
[AmC6] |
✓ |
|
|
link |
| Amino Modifier C6-dT |
[AmC6dT] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| Amino Modifier C7 |
[AmC7] |
|
✓ |
✓ |
link |
| Uni-Link AminoModifier |
[AmUni] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| Thiol Modifier C6 S-S |
[ThiolC6] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| Thiol Mod C3 S-S |
[ThiolC3] |
|
|
✓ |
link |
| Phosphate |
[PHO] |
✓ |
|
✓ |
link |
- Non-fluor labels
-
| Non-flour labels |
Code |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Structure |
| Biotin |
[BIO] |
✓ |
|
|
link |
| Biotin-dT |
[BIOdT] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| Biotin-ON |
[BioON] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| Biotin-TEG (5' or 3') |
[BIOTEG] |
✓ |
|
✓ |
link |
| Biotin-TEG (internal) |
[BIOTEGi] |
|
✓ |
|
link |
| Digoxigenin (ester) |
[DIG] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
link |
| DNP (2,4-dinitrophenyl) |
[DNP] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
- Modified Bases, Spacers, Misc
-
| Modified Bases, Spacers, Misc |
Code |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Structure |
| 5-Methyl dC |
[5MedC] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
link |
| Acridite |
[5Acrd] |
✓ |
|
|
link |
| Dabsyl-dT |
[DabsyldT] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| I |
[I] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| U |
[U] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| dP + dK mixture |
[dPdK] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| Phosphorothioation (DNA backbone modification) |
* |
|
✓ |
|
link |
| dSpacer |
[Spd] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| Spacer C18 |
[SP18] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| Spacer C3 |
[SpC3] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
link |
| Spacer C9 |
[SpC9] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| TINA |
[TINA] |
✓ |
|
|
|
- Quenchers
-
| Quencher |
Code |
Quenching range (nm) |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Max Abs (nm) |
Extinction Coefficient (M-1cm–1) |
| BHQ1 |
[BHQ1] |
480–580 |
✓ |
|
✓ |
534 |
34,000 |
| BHQ1 dT |
[BHQ1dT] |
480–580 |
✓ |
✓ |
|
534 |
34,000 |
| BHQ2 |
[BHQ2] |
550–650 |
✓ |
|
✓ |
579 |
91,000 |
| BHQ2 dT |
[BHQ2dT] |
550–650 |
✓ |
✓ |
|
579 |
91,000 |
| Dabcyl dT |
[DABdT] |
400–550 |
✓ |
✓ |
|
478 |
32,000 |
| TAMRA |
[TAM] |
500–600 |
✓ |
|
✓ |
557 |
91,000 |
| Tide Quencher 1 |
[TQ1] |
420–530 |
|
|
✓ |
510 |
20,000 |
| Tide Quencher 2 |
[TQ2] |
440–580 |
|
|
✓ |
531 |
21,000 |
| Tide Quencher 3 |
[TQ3] |
510–620 |
|
|
✓ |
598 |
22,000 |
| Tide Quencher 5 |
[TQ5] |
600–730 |
|
|
✓ |
680 |
24,000 |
Modifications available for custom oligonucleotides delivered in 96-well plates
Oligos delivered in plates, even those mixed or pooled, can contain a variety of widely-employed modifications. That list is below for your convenience. If your modification is not on the list, please contact Customer Service. We want to ensure that your research is enabled through whatever modification you may require.
Standard Modifications for Plate Oligos
- Fluorescent labels
| Fluorophore |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Max Abs (nm) |
Max Em (nm) |
Extinction coefficient (M-1cm–1 |
QY†† |
| 6-FAM |
[FAM] |
✓ |
|
|
495 |
521 |
75,000 |
0.9 |
| HEX |
[HEX] |
✓ |
|
|
537 |
556 |
96,000 |
0.7 |
| TAMRA |
[TAM] |
|
|
✓ |
556 |
580 |
89,000 |
0.7 |
| TET |
[TET] |
✓ |
|
|
519 |
539 |
86,000 |
0.9 |
| †† QY (quantum yield) is a calculated ratio between the number of photons emitted and the number of photons absorbed. The most desireable QY for DLP purposes approaches 1. |
- Mixed Bases
-
| MIXED BASES |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Composition |
| N (any base) |
[N] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
N = (A, 25%; C, 25%; G, 25%; T, 25%) |
| B (not A) |
[B] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
B = (C, 33.3%; G, 33.3%; T, 33.3%) |
| D (not C) |
[D] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
D = (A, 33.3%; G, 33.3%; T, 33.3%) |
| H (not G) |
[H] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
H = (A, 33.3%; C, 33.3%; T, 33.3%) |
| V (not T) |
[V] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
V = (A, 33.3%; C, 33.3%; G, 33.3%) |
| K (G and T) |
[K] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
K = (G, 50%; T, 50%) |
| M (A and C) |
[M] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
M = (A, 50%; C, 50%) |
| R (purines) |
[R] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
R = (A, 50%; G, 50%) |
| S (strong bonds) |
[S] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
S = (C, 50%; G, 50%) |
| W (weak bonds) |
[W] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
W = (A, 50%; T, 50%) |
| Y (pyrimidines) |
[Y] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
Y = (C, 50%; T, 50%) |
| Hand Mixed Wobbles |
[%-%-%-%] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
% defines the mixture of bases |
- Modified Bases, Spacers, Misc
-
| Modified Bases, Spacers, Misc |
Code |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Structure |
| I |
[I] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
link |
| U |
[U] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
link |
| Spacer C3 |
[SpC3] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
link |
- Attachment Mods
-
| Attachment Mods |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Structure |
| Amino Modifier C12 |
[AmC12] |
✓ |
|
|
link |
| Amino Modifier C6 |
[AmC6] |
✓ |
|
|
link |
| Amino Modifier C6-dT |
[AmC6dT] |
|
✓ |
|
link |
| Amino Modifier C7 |
[AmC7] |
|
|
✓ |
link |
| Uni-Link AminoModifier |
[AmUni] |
|
✓ |
|
link |
| Phosphate |
[PHO] |
✓ |
|
✓ |
link |
- Non-flourescent labels
-
| Non-flour labels |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Structure |
| Biotin |
[BIO] |
✓ |
|
✓ |
link |
| Biotin-dT |
[BIOdT] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| Biotin-TEG |
[BIOTEG] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
link |
Regulated Environments
Our oligos are manufactured in our ISO 9001:2008 and ISO 13485:2003 certified facility in Louisville, Alabama. Eurofins Genomics quality management system is assurance that our oligos and other products and services are suitable for use in your cGMP, ASR, or QS regulation projects. Contact us at 1-800-688-2248 to discuss high throughput modified oligos for your FDA or CLIA regulated projects.
Modifications for RNA or RNA/DNA Chimeric in tubes
- Fluors
-
| Fluorophore |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Max Abs (nm) |
Max Em (nm) |
Extinction coefficient (M–1cm–1) |
QY†† |
| Cyanine5 dye |
[Cy5] |
✓ |
|
|
646 |
662 |
250,000 |
0.3 |
| 5-FAM |
[5FAM] |
✓ |
|
|
492 |
518 |
|
|
| 6-FAM |
[FAM] |
✓ |
|
|
495 |
521 |
75,000 |
0.9 |
| HEX |
[HEX] |
✓ |
|
|
537 |
556 |
96,000 |
0.7 |
| TET |
[TET] |
✓ |
|
|
519 |
539 |
86,000 |
0.9 |
| †† QY (quantum yield) is a calculated ratio between the number of photons emitted and the number of photons absorbed. The most desireable QY for DLP purposes approaches 1. |
- Mixed Bases
-
| MIXED BASES |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Composition |
| N (any base) |
[N] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
N = (A, 25%; C, 25%; G, 25%; T, 25%) |
| B (not A) |
[B] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
B = (C, 33.3%; G, 33.3%; T, 33.3%) |
| D (not C) |
[D] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
D = (A, 33.3%; G, 33.3%; T, 33.3%) |
| H (not G) |
[H] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
H = (A, 33.3%; C, 33.3%; T, 33.3%) |
| V (not T) |
[V] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
V = (A, 33.3%; C, 33.3%; G, 33.3%) |
| K (G and T) |
[K] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
K = (G, 50%; T, 50%) |
| M (A and C) |
[M] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
M = (A, 50%; C, 50%) |
| R (purines) |
[R] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
R = (A, 50%; G, 50%) |
| S (strong bonds) |
[S] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
S = (C, 50%; G, 50%) |
| W (weak bonds) |
[W] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
W = (A, 50%; T, 50%) |
| Y (pyrimidines) |
[Y] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
Y = (C, 50%; T, 50%) |
- Attachment Mods
-
| Attachment Mods |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Structure |
| Amino Modifier C6 |
[AmC6] |
✓ |
|
|
link |
| Amino Modifier C6-dT |
[AmC6dT] |
|
✓ |
|
link |
| Amino Modifier C7 |
[AmC7] |
|
|
✓ |
link |
| Phosphate |
[PHO] |
✓ |
|
✓ |
link |
- Non-flour labels
-
| Non-flour labels |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Structure |
| Biotin-ON |
[BioON] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| Biotin-TEG (5' or 3') |
[BIOTEG] |
✓ |
|
✓ |
link |
| Biotin-TEG (internal) |
[BIOTEGi] |
|
✓ |
|
link |
| Cholesteryl-TEG (5' or Int)nternal) |
[CholTEG] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
- Modified Bases, Spacers, Misc
-
| Modified Bases, Spacers, Misc |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Structure |
| 2'-O-Methyl-A |
[2OMeA] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
link |
| 2'-O-Methyl-C |
[2OMeC] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
link |
| 2'-O-Methyl-G |
[2OMeG] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
link |
| 2'-O-Methyl-U |
[2OMeU] |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
link |
| 2'-Fluoro-G |
[2FlG] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| I |
[I] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
| U |
[U] |
✓ |
✓ |
|
link |
Modifications for siMAXTM siRNA in tubes
- Fluors
-
| Fluorophore |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Max Abs (nm) |
Max Em (nm) |
Extinction coefficient (M–1cm–1) |
QY†† |
| Cyanine5 dye |
[Cy5] |
✓ |
|
|
646 |
662 |
250,000 |
0.3 |
| 6-FAM |
[FAM] |
✓ |
|
|
495 |
521 |
75,000 |
0.9 |
| HEX |
[HEX] |
✓ |
|
|
537 |
556 |
96,000 |
0.7 |
| TET |
[TET] |
✓ |
|
|
519 |
539 |
86,000 |
0.9 |
| †† QY (quantum yield) is a calculated ratio between the number of photons emitted and the number of photons absorbed. The most desireable QY for DLP purposes approaches 1. |
- Attachment Mods
-
| Attachment Mods |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Structure |
| Amino Modifier C6 |
[AmC6] |
✓ |
|
|
link |
| Phosphate |
[PHO] |
✓ |
|
✓ |
link |
- Non-flour labels
-
| Non-flour labels |
Designator |
5' |
Int |
3' |
Structure |
| Biotin |
[BIO] |
✓ |
|
|
link |
| Biotin-TEG (5' or 3') |
[BIOTEG] |
✓ |
|
|
link |
Overview
This tab includes the chemical structures for the following modification groups.
- Attachment Mods
- DNA Analogs
- Fluorophores
- Mixed Bases
- Quenchers
- Spacers
- Biotins
- Dual-labeled Probes
- Modified Bases
- RNA Analogs
- TINA Mods
- Miscellaneous
Attachment Mods
Amino, thiol, acrydite, and phosphate groups incorporated during synthesis allow post synthesis reactions for attaching a variety of labels or for coupling the oligo with other molecules.
Click here for info about TINA modifications
|
Modifier
[Designator]
|
Availability
|
Structure
|
|
3'-PT-Amino-Modifier C3
[AmC3-PT-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
Amino Modifier C12
[AmC12]
|
5' |
|
|
Amino Modifier C2 dT
[AmC2-dT]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Amino Modifier C3
[AmC3]
|
5' |
|
|
Amino Modifier C6
[AminoC6]
|
5' |
|
|
Amino Modifier C6 dT
[AmC6-dT]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Amino Modifier C7
[AmC7-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
AminoC6 dC
[AmC6-dC]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Phosphate
[Phos]
|
5' |
|
|
Phosphate
[Phos-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
Thiol Mod C3 S-S
[ThiolC3]
|
3' |
|
|
Thiol Modifier C6 S-S
[ThiolC6]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Uni-Link AminoModifier
[Am-Uni]
|
5', Internal |
|
DNA Analogs
Molecules with similar structure to DNA often readily substitute in the DNA strand for a variety of experimental uses. Modifications in this category include inosine, uridine, wobbles, etc.
Click here for info about TINA modifications
|
Modifier
[Designator]
|
Availability
|
Structure
|
|
3-Nitropyrrole
[NitPyr]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
5-Nitroindole
[5-NitIdl-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
5-Nitroindole
[5-NitIdl]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
AP-dC
[AP-dC]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
dK
[dK]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
dP
[dP-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
dP
[dP]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
dP + dK mixture
[dPdK]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
deoxyInosine
[I]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
deoxyInosine
[I-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
deoxyUridine
[U]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
deoxyUridine
[U-Q]
|
3' |
|
Fluorophores
Fluorescent molecules offer a wide variety of applications requiring detection of hybridization including in situ probes, sequencing, and genotyping.
Click here for info about TINA modifications
|
Modifier
[Designator]
|
Availability
|
Structure
|
|
5-FAM
[5-fam]
|
5' |
|
|
6-Carboxyfluorescein
[6Fl]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
6-Carboxyrhodamine (ester)
[CR6G]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
6-FAM
[6-Fam-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
6-FAM (standard)
[6-FAM]
|
5' |
|
|
6-Joe, SE (ester)
[JOE]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
ATTO390 (ester)
[ATTO390]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
ATTO488 (ester)
[ATTO488]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
ATTO532 (ester)
[ATTO532]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
ATTO550 (ester)
[ATTO550]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
ATTO565 (ester)
[ATTO565]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
ATTO590 (ester)
[ATTO590]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
ATTO633 (ester)
[ATTO633]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
ATTO647N (ester)
[ATTO647N]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
ATTO655 (ester)
[ATTO655]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
ATTO700 (ester)
[ATTO700]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
ATTO740 (ester)
[ATTO740]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Alexa Fluor 350 (ester)
[Alexa350]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Alexa Fluor 488 (ester)
[Alexa488]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Alexa Fluor 532 (ester)
[Alexa532]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Alexa Fluor 546 (ester)
[Alexa546]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Alexa Fluor 555 (ester)
[Alexa555]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Alexa Fluor 568 (ester)
[Alexa568]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Alexa Fluor 594 (ester)
[Alexa594]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Alexa Fluor 633 (ester)
[Alexa633]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Alexa Fluor 647 (ester)
[Alexa647]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Alexa Fluor 660 (ester)
[Alexa660]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Alexa Fluor 680 (ester)
[Alexa680]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Alexa Fluor 700 (ester)
[Alexa700]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Alexa Fluor 750 (ester)
[Alexa750]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Cyanine3
[Cyanine3]
|
5' |
|
|
Cyanine3 (ester)
[Cyanine3es]
|
3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Cyanine3.5
[Cyanine35]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Cyanine3.5 (ester)
[Cyanine35es]
|
3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Cyanine5
[Cyanine5]
|
5' |
|
|
Cyanine5 (ester)
[Cyanine5es]
|
3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Cyanine5.5
[Cyanine55]
|
5' |
|
|
DY682 (replaces IRD700)
[DY682]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
DY782 (replaces IRD800)
[DY782]
|
5' |
Image not available.
|
|
Fluorescein
[Fl]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Fluorescein-dT
[Fl-dT]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
HEX
[5HEX]
|
5' |
|
|
Oregon Green 488 (ester)
[OrGre]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
ROX (ester)
[ROX]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
TAMRA (STANDARD)
[TAMRA]
|
5' |
|
|
TAMRA (STANDARD)
[Tamra-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
TAMRA-dT
[TAMdT]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
TET
[5TET]
|
5' |
|
|
Tamra (ester) - 5-isomer
[TMR-5]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Texas Red-X (ester)
[TxRed]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Tide Fluor 1
[TF1]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Tide Fluor 2
[TF2]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Tide Fluor 3
[TF3]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Tide Fluor 4
[TF4]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Tide Fluor 5
[TF5]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Tide Quencher 2 ester
[TQ2es]
|
5', 3', Internal |
Image not available.
|
Mixed Bases
Standard bases used in combination to create a base comprised of a mixture of 2-4 bases (e.g. A/C or A/C/G). This category includes IUB Wobbles and custom wobbles.
Click here for info about TINA modifications
|
Modifier
[Designator]
|
Availability
|
Structure
|
|
3' B Wobble (C+G+T)
[B-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3' D Wobble (A+G+T)
[D-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3' H Wobble (A+C+T)
[H-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3' K Wobble (G+T)
[K-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3' M Wobble (A+C)
[M-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3' N Wobble (A+C+G+T)
[N-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3' R Wobble (A+G)
[R-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3' S Wobble (C+G)
[S-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3' V Wobble (A+C+G)
[V-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3' W Wobble (A+T)
[W-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3' Y Wobble (C+T)
[Y-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
B Wobble (C+G+T)
[B]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
D Wobble (A+G+T)
[D]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
H Wobble (A+C+T)
[H]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
K Wobble (G+T)
[K]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
M Wobble (A+C)
[M]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Mix-1 MG
[Mix-1]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
N Wobble (A+C+G+T)
[N]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
R Wobble (A+G)
[R]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
S Wobble (C+G)
[S]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
V Wobble (A+C+G)
[V]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
W Wobble (A+T)
[W]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 10%A 20%G 70%T
[10-00-20-70]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 20%A 20%C 60%G
[20-20-60-00]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 20%A 20%C 60%T
[20-20-00-60]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 20%A 40%C 40%T
[20-40-00-40]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 20%A 80%G
[20-0-80-0]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 30%A 30%C 40%T
[30-30-00-40]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 30%A 70%G
[30-0-70-0]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 40%A 30%G 30%T
[40-00-30-30]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 40%A 40%G 20%T
[40-00-40-20]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 60%A 20%C 20%G
[60-20-20-00]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 60%A 20%G 20%T
[60-00-20-20]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 60%C 20%G 20%T
[00-60-20-20]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 70%A 20%C 10%T
[70-20-00-10]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 70%C 30%T
[0-70-0-30]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 80%A 20%C
[80-20-00-00]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 80%C 20%G
[00-80-20-00]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 80%C 20%T
[00-80-00-20]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Wobble 90%C 10%T
[00-90-00-10]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Y Wobble (C+T)
[Y]
|
5', Internal |
|
Quenchers
Quenchers are most commonly paired with specific fluorophores and are chosen based on their ability to absorb energy at the emission wavelength of the fluorophore.
Click here for info about TINA modifications
|
Modifier
[Designator]
|
Availability
|
Structure
|
|
5-Dabcyl
[5-Dabcyl]
|
5' |
|
|
BHQ1-dT
[BHQ1-dT]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
BHQ2-dT
[BHQ2-dT]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Black Hole Quencher 1
[BHQ1]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Black Hole Quencher 1
[BHQ1a-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
Black Hole Quencher 2
[BHQ2]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Black Hole Quencher 2
[BHQ2a-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
Dabcyl (STANDARD)
[Dabcyl-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
Dabsyl-dT
[Dab-dT]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
QSY 7 (ester)
[QSY7]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Tide Quencher 1
[TQ1-Q]
|
3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Tide Quencher 2
[TQ2-Q]
|
3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Tide Quencher 3
[TQ3-Q]
|
3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Tide Quencher 4
[TQ4-Q]
|
3' |
Image not available.
|
Spacers
Spacers form a non-binding bridge between areas of an oligo. Among our offerings are C3 spacer which can substitute for an unknown base and Spacer 18 which introduces a hydrophobic area in an oligo.
Click here for info about TINA modifications
|
Modifier
[Designator]
|
Availability
|
Structure
|
|
Spacer 18
[Sp-C18]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Spacer 9
[Sp-9]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Spacer C3
[Sp-3-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
Spacer C3
[Sp-3]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
dSpacer
[Sp-d]
|
5', Internal |
|
Biotins
Biotin offers a variety of uses in research including assays in drug discovery, histological, and cytological applications and capture methods are based on the high affinity of biotin for avidin and streptavidin.
Click here for info about TINA modifications
|
Modifier
[Designator]
|
Availability
|
Structure
|
|
3'-Biotin
[Biotin-Q]
|
3' |
Image not available.
|
|
5'-Biotin
[Biotin-5]
|
5' |
|
|
Biotin PC (Photocleavable)
[Bio-PC]
|
5' |
|
|
Biotin-ON
[Bio-ON]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Biotin-TEG (STANDARD)
[BioTEG-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
Biotin-TEG (STANDARD)
[BioTEG]
|
5' |
|
|
Biotin-TEG (internal)
[BioTEGi]
|
Internal |
|
|
Biotin-dT
[Bio-dT]
|
5', Internal |
|
Dual-labeled Probes
A selected grouping of highly popular Fluorophore/Quencher pairings for real-time/qPCR applications.
Click here for info about TINA modifications
|
Modifier
[Designator]
|
Availability
|
Structure
|
|
3' BHQ 1 + 5' 6-FAM
[BHQ1a-6FAM]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' BHQ 1 + 5' HEX
[BHQ1a-5HEX]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' BHQ 1 + 5' JOE
[BHQ1a-JOE]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' BHQ 1 + 5' Oregon Green
[BHQ1a-OrGre]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' BHQ 1 + 5' TET
[BHQ1a-5TET]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' BHQ 2 + 5' Cyanine3
[BHQ2a-Cyanine3]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' BHQ 2 + 5' Cyanine3.5
[BHQ2a-Cyanine35]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' BHQ 2 + 5' Cyanine5
[BHQ2a-Cyanine5]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' BHQ 2 + 5' Cyanine5.5
[BHQ2a-Cyanine55]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' BHQ 2 + 5' HEX
[BHQ2a-5HEX]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' BHQ 2 + 5' ROX
[BHQ2a-ROX]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' BHQ 2 + 5' TAMRA
[BHQ2a-TAMRA]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' BHQ 2 + 5' Texas Red
[BHQ2a-TxRed]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' TQ1 + 5' TF1
[TQ1-TF1]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' TQ2 + 5' TF2
[TQ2-TF2]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' TQ3 + 5' TF3
[TQ3-TF3]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' TQ4 + 5' TF4
[TQ4-TF4]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' TQ5 + 5' TF5
[TQ5-TF5]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' Tamra + 5' 6-FAM
[TAMRA-6-FAM]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' Tamra + 5' HEX
[TAMRA-5HEX]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
3' Tamra + 5' TET
[TAMRA-5TET]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Mol. Beacon, 3' Dabcyl + 5' 6-FAM
[MB-6-FAM]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Mol. Beacon, 3' Dabcyl + 5' CR6G
[MB-56CR6G]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Mol. Beacon, 3' Dabcyl + 5' Cyanine3
[MB-Cyanine3]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Mol. Beacon, 3' Dabcyl + 5' Cyanine5
[MB-Cyanine5]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Mol. Beacon, 3' Dabcyl + 5' HEX
[MB-5HEX]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Mol. Beacon, 3' Dabcyl + 5' Oregon Green
[MB-OrGre]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Mol. Beacon, 3' Dabcyl + 5' ROX
[MB-ROX]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Mol. Beacon, 3' Dabcyl + 5' TAMRA
[MB-TAMRA]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Mol. Beacon, 3' Dabcyl + 5' TET
[MB-5TET]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Mol. Beacon, 3' Dabcyl + 5' Texas Red
[MB-TxRed]
|
5', 3' |
Image not available.
|
Modified Bases
Chemically modified bases can be used for structural studies and enhanced binding. This category includes Br-dU, 5-methyl dC, 5-iodo dU, 2-aminopurine, etc.
Click here for info about TINA modifications
|
Modifier
[Designator]
|
Availability
|
Structure
|
|
2-Aminopurine
[2AmPur]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
5-Bromo dU
[5Br-dU-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
5-Bromo-dC
[5Br-dC]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
5-Bromo-dU
[5Br-dU]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
5-Iodo-dU
[5I-dU]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
5-Methyl dC
[5Me-dC]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
5-Methyl-dC
[5Me-dC-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
O6-phenyl-dI
[6phnl-dI]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Pyrrolo-dC
[Pyrlo-dC]
|
5', Internal |
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RNA Analogs
RNA analogs are useful for creating the chimeric DNA/RNA oligos commonly used in anti-sense studies.
Click here for info about TINA modifications
|
Modifier
[Designator]
|
Availability
|
Structure
|
|
2'-Fluoro-A
[2F-A]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
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2'-Fluoro-C
[2F-C]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
2'-Fluoro-G
[2F-G]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
2'-Fluoro-U
[2F-U]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
2'-O Methyl-A
[2OMeA-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
2'-O Methyl-C
[2OMeC-Q]
|
3' |
|
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2'-O Methyl-G
[2OMeG-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
2'-O Methyl-U
[2OMeU-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
2'-O-Methyl-A
[2OMeA]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
2'-O-Methyl-C
[2OMeC]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
2'-O-Methyl-G
[2OMeG]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
2'-O-Methyl-U
[2OMeU]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
5'OH-Methyl-C
[5HOMedC]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Pyrrolo-RNA-C
[Pyrrolo-rC]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Ribo A
[rA]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Ribo A
[rA-Q]
|
3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Ribo C
[rC-Q]
|
3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Ribo C
[rC]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Ribo G
[rG-Q]
|
3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Ribo G
[rG]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Ribo U
[rU]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
|
Ribo U
[rU-Q]
|
3' |
Image not available.
|
|
Ribo-8OxrG
[8Ox-rG]
|
5', Internal |
Image not available.
|
TINA Mods
TINA – Twisted Intercalating Nucleic Acid
Higher efficiency for RT-PCR and traditional PCR with TINA labeled PCR primers
TINA molecule enhances the thermal stability of oligo duplexes while maintaining sequence specificity.
Positive effects for RT and PCR reactions
High degrees of multiplexing become feasible with TINA
TINA decreases optimal primer concentration to improve PCR efficiency
Primers remain highly discriminating in the presence of contaminating DNA
Improved sensitivity for low-abundance products
Eliminates or reduces non-specific product bands |
|
TINA decreases cycle of quantification (Cq) and increases annealing temperature (Ta)
Improved kinetics
Improved sensitivity
Improved specificity
TINA primers ensure reproducible inter-batch RT-PCR performance |
No primer redesign needed
Specificity not affected by addition of TINA
TINA modification is attached to the 5' end for PCR applications
HPLC purification is required
TINA can be combined with other modifications |
The TINA modification does not restrict or limit further modifications of the oligonucleotide |
|
Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous modifications include phosphorothioate backbone modification, digoxigenin labeling, modified bases to prevent extension of the 3' terminus, cholesterol for cell delivery, puromycin (a tRNA mimc), etc.
Click here for info about TINA modifications
|
Modifier
[Designator]
|
Availability
|
Structure
|
|
2'3'-ddC
[23-ddC-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3'-dA (chain terminator)
[3-dA-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3'-dC (chain terminator)
[3-dC-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3'-dG (chain terminator)
[3-dG-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
3'-dT (chain terminator)
[3-dT-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
5-Pyrine Cap
[5-PyrCAP]
|
5' |
Image not available.
|
|
Acrydite
[5Acrd]
|
5' |
|
|
Cholesteryl-TEG
[Chols-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
Cholesteryl-TEG
[Chol-TEG]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
DNP-TEG
[DNP]
|
5', Internal |
|
|
Digoxigenin (ester)
[Dig]
|
5', 3', Internal |
|
|
Phosphorothioation
[*]
|
Internal |
|
|
Puromycin
[Pmycn-Q]
|
3' |
|
|
TINA
[TINA]
|
5' |
Image not available.
|