Selecting the right synthesis scale to order

To determine the appropriate scale for oligo synthesis consider:

1. What is minimum purity level required for the technique(s) to be used?
2. How much material is needed to complete the full investigation?
3. Consult the yield tables to match the quantity of oligo required (listed by purification method) to the appropriate synthesis scale.

Although DNA synthesis often results in more material than the guaranteed minimum, if completing your experiments will require more than the minimum material then we highly recommend ordering a larger synthesis scale. For extended studies, we recommend that you freeze (–20 ^oC) aliquots the oligo, thawing a fresh aliquot for each stage of your investigations.

Minimum Yield

The tables below contain the guaranteed minimum yield for unmodified oligos based on their synthesis scale of production. The yields of the modified oligos are highly dependent on the properties of the modifications included and, therefore, specific yields are not guaranteed. The yield of purified oligos are always lower than that of the standard salt-free oligos. Final purity level of an oligo of ≥70 bases, or of an oligo with more than 2 modifications, is not guaranteed when employing a single purification method. For these oligo types, Eurofins Genomics strongly recommends using one of our 2-Step Purity options.

The standard salt-free purification is the default purity option for our oligos. For oligos shorter than 40 bases, salt-free purity is appropriate in many applications including routine PCR, DNA sequencing, microarray fabrication, and blotting.

*Guaranteed yield is for unmodified oligos, 15–50 bases. Yield will vary with oligo composition, length, and purification.
*Minimum yields do not apply to express products. Although express products typically provide a similar yield as standard oligos, they will be shipped to ensure on-time delivery even if the yield is 10-20% below minimums.

Purified Yields

*Guaranteed yield is for unmodified oligos, 15–50 bases. Yield will vary with oligo composition, length, and purification.
*Expected yield for a PAGE oligo that includes one modification would be ~60% of the value listed.

Recommended purification based on the application

These are general guidelines for common applications, but customers are free to choose for themselves the appropriate purification. Available purification options are determined by oligo length, modifications, and synthesis scale.

Additional Information on Purification

SaltFree

The standard salt-free purification is the default purity option for our oligos. For oligos shorter than 40 bases, salt-free purity is appropriate in many applications including routine PCR, DNA sequencing, microarray fabrication, and blotting.

HPSF Cartridge Purity

HPSF is a trademark of Eurofins Genomics and stands for High-Purity, Salt-Free. HPSF is an inexpensive option that improves purity and provides greater yields than most other purification methods. It is recommended for more sensitive applications such as qPCR or DNA sequencing, HPSF is available for modified oligos containing:

• IUB Wobbles (degenerate nucleotide sites)
• 5' Amino C6 Linker [Amino C6]
• 5' Phosphate [Phos]
• 5' Biotin-TEG [BioTEG] *

HPLC Purity

Guaranteed purity of 85% and above. HPLC is recommended for oligos used in more demanding techniques such as real-time qPCR, multiplex PCR, and cloning. Our purification scientists determine and employ the optimum HPLC technique for your specific oligo and select only the fractions containing the highest purity for delivery to your lab. Oligo purity of 85% for lengths above 70 bases, or of an oligo with more than 2 modifications, is not guaranteed when employing a single HPLC purification. For these oligos, please consider 2-Step purification to ensure high level purity.

The HPLC techniques employed include (1) reversed-phase HPLC purification that separates oligos on the basis of hydrophobicity or, (2) ion exchange HPLC which separates oligos on the basis of charge.

PAGE Purity

Achieve purity levels of 90% and above with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) purification. Because recovery of an oligo from the PAGE matrix is an inefficient process, the PAGE process results in low final yields. For that reason, PAGE is not recommended for routine purification.

2-Step Purifications

2-Step HPLC Yields

This 2-step purification process uses reversed-phase HPLC followed by anion exchange HPLC, allowing a two-dimensional purification based on both hydrophobicity and charge. This purification method is highly recommended for all oligos ≥70 bases.

* Yields in parentheses refer to a single 5’ or internal modification. 3’ modification yields may be lower.

2-Step PAGE Yields

This 2-step purification process uses reversed-phase (RP) chromatography followed by PAGE, allowing a two-dimensional purification based on hydrophobicity and molecular weight. This purification level is highly recommended for oligos ≥70 bases used in applications that require PAGE purification and for all oligos used in applications that require the highest purity levels, such as crystallography and gel-shift assays.

Possible yield for a 2-Step PAGE oligo that includes a simple modification would be ~60% of the values listed.